After the FDA proposed new rules for marketing electronic
cigarettes (e-cigs) in April, 2014, the 70,000 member Forum of
International Respiratory Societies (FIRS) issued a statement on July 9, 2014
that governments around the world should ban or restrict the use of e-cigs.
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| Don't Panic About E-Cigarettes |
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The recommendation is that more studies be conducted to
determine if e-cigs are safe and whether they are effective in reducing the smoking of cigarettes. It is
generally agreed that e-cigs are less toxic to users and the general public
than conventional cigarettes. What has been lacking are data on the safety of
e-cigarettes with regard to the vapors impact on lung health for users and the
general public.
There is now evidence that the by-products of vaporization
contain carcinogens. The concentrated nicotine is a cardiovascular dilator that
causes higher blood pressure that damages the heart, kidneys and liver.
This recommendation is based upon the absolute certainty
that nicotine is highly addicting. E-cigs are the most effective way to get
nicotine into the blood stream short of cooking cigarettes in alcohol and
shooting the extracted nicotine directly into a vein.
The press release by FIRS mentions that the tobacco industry
lied to the public regarding the safety of cigarettes and targeted minors and
women in an attempt to increase the number of smokers. The tobacco industry
also filtered the cigarettes to allow an increase in the amount of nicotine.
Menthol and other “flavoring agents” were added to cloak the tar and nicotine
in the cigarettes.
E-cigs call the liquid nicotine extract “juice”. It is
nearly pure nicotine, with the only other major ingredients a hydrocarbon that
can be vaporized under temperature and so-called flavoring agents. The higher
the vaporization temperature, the more toxic the vapors are to the lungs. Newer
e-cigs that have been developed to operate at higher voltages increase the
quantity of extremely small particles in the vapor.
Maciej Goniewicz of the Roswell Park Cancer Institute in
Buffalo, NY has released research results that show that the vapor generated by
e-cigs approach the levels of formaldehyde found in conventional cigarettes
with e-cigs that generate higher heat. The details of the study were released
on May 15, 2014 in the journal Nicotine & Tobacco Research.
“Introduction:
Glycerin (VG) and propylene glycol (PG) are the most common nicotine solvents
used in e-cigarettes (ECs). It has been shown that at high temperatures both VG
and PG undergo decomposition to low molecular carbonyl compounds, including the
carcinogens: formaldehyde and acetaldehyde. The aim of the study was to
evaluate how various product characteristics, including nicotine solvent and
battery output voltage, affect the levels of carbonyls in EC vapor.
E-cig liquids are flavored to appeal to young users with
flavors such as cotton candy aimed directly at middle school and high school
e-cig users. The e-cig manufacturers provide a website to find the “best” e-cig
juices. One site listed popular flavors as The Godfather, Juicy Fruit,
Tobaccolicious, Creamsicle, and Tobacco Menthol. Of these flavors, only the
Tobacco Menthol is directed at adults instead of minors.
There are currently no age restrictions on e-cig purchases,
and the largest growth is among minors. The Center for Disease Control and
Prevention (CDC) estimates that 20% of high school students have now tried
e-cigs. The estimated growth of e-cigs use among minors was estimated at 50%
between 2011 and 2012.
E-cigarette experimentation and recent use doubled among
U.S. middle and high school students during 2011–2012, resulting in an
estimated 1.78 million students having ever used e-cigarettes as of 2012.
Moreover, in 2012, an estimated 160,000 students who reported using
e-cigarettes had never used conventional cigarettes.
The details of the FINS recommendations show an extremely
cautious approach. This will be of temporary comfort to the e-cig manufacturers
and users. The public is highly supportive of restricting sales of e-cigs to
minors and restrictions of advertising of e-cigs on social media. This is a
step in the right direction for improving public health.
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The greatest hope to curtail e-cig use comes from the FDA
declaring e-cigs to be just another tobacco product, which will then make
e-cigs subject to federal, state and local excise taxes. Those already addicted
to nicotine will still be able to choose between traditional cigarettes and
e-cigarettes. This decision is a bad health choice that leads to serious
diseases. At least, these changes will help slow down the growth of electronic
cigarette use among children.
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